[scheme.forth.jl.git] / scheme.4th

vocabulary scheme
scheme definitions

include term-colours.4th
include defer-is.4th
include catch-throw.4th
include float.4th

include debugging.4th

defer read
defer eval
defer print

defer collect-garbage

\ ---- Types ---- {{{

variable nexttype
0 nexttype !
: make-type
    create nexttype @ ,
    1 nexttype +!
    does> @ ;

make-type fixnum-type
make-type realnum-type
make-type boolean-type
make-type character-type
make-type string-type
make-type nil-type
make-type none-type
make-type pair-type
make-type symbol-type
make-type primitive-proc-type
make-type compound-proc-type
make-type fileport-type
: istype? ( obj type -- obj bool )
    over = ;

\ }}}

\ ---- Exceptions ---- {{{

variable nextexception
1 nextexception !
: make-exception 
    create nextexception @ ,
    1 nextexception +!
    does> @ ;

make-exception recoverable-exception
make-exception unrecoverable-exception

: display-exception-msg ( addr count -- )
    bold fg red
    ." Exception: "
    type
    reset-term ;

: throw" immediate 
    [compile] s"

    ['] rot , ['] dup ,

    [compile] if
        ['] -rot ,
        ['] display-exception-msg ,
    [compile] then

    ['] throw ,
;

\ }}}

\ ---- List-structured memory ---- {{{

10000 constant scheme-memsize

create car-cells scheme-memsize allot
create car-type-cells scheme-memsize allot
create cdr-cells scheme-memsize allot
create cdr-type-cells scheme-memsize allot

create nextfrees scheme-memsize allot
:noname
    scheme-memsize 0 do
        i 1+ nextfrees i + !
    loop
; execute
        
variable nextfree
0 nextfree !

: inc-nextfree
    nextfrees nextfree @ + @
    nextfree !

    nextfree @ scheme-memsize >= if
        collect-garbage
    then

    nextfree @ scheme-memsize >= if
        unrecoverable-exception throw s" Out of memory!"
    then
;

: cons ( car-obj cdr-obj -- pair-obj )
    cdr-type-cells nextfree @ + !
    cdr-cells nextfree @ + !
    car-type-cells nextfree @ + !
    car-cells nextfree @ + !

    nextfree @ pair-type
    inc-nextfree
;

: car ( pair-obj -- car-obj )
    drop
    dup car-cells + @ swap
    car-type-cells + @
;

: cdr ( pair-obj -- car-obj )
    drop
    dup cdr-cells + @ swap
    cdr-type-cells + @
;

: set-car! ( obj pair-obj -- )
    drop dup
    rot swap  car-type-cells + !
    car-cells + !
;

: set-cdr! ( obj pair-obj -- )
    drop dup
    rot swap  cdr-type-cells + !
    cdr-cells + !
;

: caar car car ;
: cadr cdr car ;
: cdar car cdr ;
: cddr cdr cdr ;

: nil 0 nil-type ;
: nil? nil-type istype? ;

: none 0 none-type ;
: none? none-type istype? ;

: objvar create nil swap , , ;

: value@ ( objvar -- val ) @ ;
: type@ ( objvar -- type ) 1+ @ ;
: value! ( newval objvar -- ) ! ;
: type! ( newtype objvar -- ) 1+ ! ;
: obj! ( newobj objvar -- ) dup rot swap 1+ ! ! ; 
: obj@ ( objvar -- obj ) dup @ swap 1+ @ ; 

: objeq? ( obj obj -- bool )
    rot = -rot = and ;

: 2rot ( a1 a2 b1 b2 c1 c2 -- b1 b2 c1 c2 a1 a2 )
    >R >R ( a1 a2 b1 b2 )
    2swap ( b1 b2 a1 a2 )
    R> R> ( b1 b2 a1 a2 c1 c2 )
    2swap
;

: -2rot ( a1 a2 b1 b2 c1 c2 -- c1 c2 a1 a2 b1 b2 )
    2swap ( a1 a2 c1 c2 b1 b2 )
    >R >R ( a1 a2 c1 c2 )
    2swap ( c1 c2 a1 a2 )
    R> R>
;

\ }}}

\ ---- Port I/O ----  {{{

: fileport>fid ( fileport -- fid )
    drop ;

: fid>fileport ( fid -- fileport )
    fileport-type ;

: open-input-file ( addr n -- fileport )
    r/o open-file drop fid>fileport
;

: close-port ( fileport -- )
    fileport>fid close-file drop
;

objvar console-i/o-port
0 fileport-type console-i/o-port obj!

objvar current-input-port
console-i/o-port obj@ current-input-port obj!

: read-port ( fileport -- obj )
    current-input-port obj!
    read ;

: read-console ( -- obj )
    console-i/o-port obj@ read-port ;

\ }}}

\ ---- Pre-defined symbols ---- {{{

objvar symbol-table

: duplicate-charlist ( charlist -- copy )
    nil? false = if
        2dup car 2swap cdr recurse cons
    then ;

: charlist-equiv ( charlist charlist -- bool )

    2over 2over

    \ One or both nil
    nil? -rot 2drop
    if
        nil? -rot 2drop
        if
            2drop 2drop true exit
        else
            2drop 2drop false exit
        then
    else
        nil? -rot 2drop
        if
            2drop 2drop false exit
        then
    then

    2over 2over

    \ Neither nil
    car drop -rot car drop = if
            cdr 2swap cdr recurse
        else
            2drop 2drop false
    then
;

: charlist>symbol ( charlist -- symbol-obj )

    symbol-table obj@

    begin
        nil? false =
    while
        2over 2over
        car drop pair-type
        charlist-equiv if
            2swap 2drop
            car
            exit
        else
            cdr
        then
    repeat

    2drop
    drop symbol-type 2dup
    symbol-table obj@ cons
    symbol-table obj!
;


: cstr>charlist ( addr n -- charlist )
    dup 0= if
        2drop nil
    else
        2dup drop @ character-type 2swap
        swap 1+ swap 1-
        recurse

        cons
    then
;

: create-symbol ( -- )
    bl word
    count

    cstr>charlist
    charlist>symbol

    create swap , ,
    does> dup @ swap 1+ @
;

create-symbol quote             quote-symbol
create-symbol quasiquote        quasiquote-symbol
create-symbol unquote           unquote-symbol
create-symbol unquote-splicing  unquote-splicing-symbol
create-symbol define            define-symbol
create-symbol define-macro      define-macro-symbol
create-symbol set!              set!-symbol
create-symbol ok                ok-symbol
create-symbol if                if-symbol
create-symbol lambda            lambda-symbol
create-symbol λ                 λ-symbol
create-symbol begin             begin-symbol

\ }}}

\ ---- Environments ---- {{{

: enclosing-env ( env -- env )
    cdr ;

: first-frame ( env -- frame )
    car ;

: make-frame ( vars vals -- frame )
    cons ;

: frame-vars ( frame -- vars )
    car ;

: frame-vals ( frame -- vals )
    cdr ;

: add-binding ( var val frame -- )
    2swap 2over frame-vals cons
    2over set-cdr!
    2swap 2over frame-vars cons
    2swap set-car!
;

: extend-env ( vars vals env -- env )
    >R >R
    make-frame
    R> R>
    cons
;

objvar vars
objvar vals

: get-vars-vals-frame ( var frame -- bool )
    2dup frame-vars vars obj!
    frame-vals vals obj!

    begin
        vars obj@ nil objeq? false =
    while
        2dup vars obj@ car objeq? if
            2drop true
            exit
        then

        vars obj@ cdr vars obj!
        vals obj@ cdr vals obj!
    repeat

    2drop false
;

: get-vars-vals ( var env -- vars? vals? bool )

    begin
        nil? false =
    while
        2over 2over first-frame
        get-vars-vals-frame if
            2drop 2drop
            vars obj@ vals obj@ true
            exit
        then

        enclosing-env
    repeat

    2drop 2drop
    false
;

hide vars
hide vals

: lookup-var ( var env -- val )
    get-vars-vals if
        2swap 2drop car
    else
        recoverable-exception throw" Tried to read unbound variable."
    then
;

: set-var ( var val env -- )
    >R >R 2swap R> R> ( val var env )
    get-vars-vals if
        2swap 2drop ( val vals )
        set-car!
    else
        recoverable-exception throw" Tried to set unbound variable."
    then
;

objvar env

: define-var ( var val env -- )
    env obj! 

    2over env obj@ ( var val var env )
    get-vars-vals if
        2swap 2drop ( var val vals )
        set-car!
        2drop
    else
        env obj@
        first-frame ( var val frame )
        add-binding
    then
;

hide env

: make-procedure ( params body env -- proc )
    nil
    cons cons cons
    drop compound-proc-type
;

objvar global-env
nil nil nil extend-env
global-env obj!

\ }}}

\ ---- Primitives ---- {{{

: make-primitive ( cfa -- )
    bl word
    count

    \ 2dup ." Defining primitive " type ." ..." cr

    cstr>charlist
    charlist>symbol
  
    rot primitive-proc-type ( var prim )
    global-env obj@ define-var
;

: ensure-arg-count ( args n -- )
    dup 0= if
        drop nil objeq? false = if
            recoverable-exception throw" Too many arguments for primitive procedure."
        then
    else
        -rot nil? if
            recoverable-exception throw" Too few arguments for primitive procedure."
        then
        
        cdr rot 1- recurse
    then
;

: arg-type-error
            bold fg red ." Incorrect argument type." reset-term cr
            abort
;

: ensure-arg-type ( arg type -- arg )
    istype? false = if
        recoverable-exception throw" Incorrect argument type for primitive procedure."
    then
;


\ }}}

\ ---- Macros ---- {{{

objvar macro-table

( Look up macro in macro table. Returns nil if
  no macro is found. )
: lookup-macro ( name_symbol -- proc )
    macro-table obj@

    begin
        nil? false =
    while
        2over 2over
        car car objeq? if
            2swap 2drop
            car cdr
            exit
        then

        cdr
    repeat

    2swap 2drop
;

: make-macro ( name_symbol params body env -- )
    make-procedure

    2swap ( proc name_symbol )

    macro-table obj@

    begin
        nil? false =
    while
        2over 2over ( proc name table name table )
        car car objeq? if
            2swap 2drop ( proc table )
            car ( proc entry )
            set-cdr!
            exit
        then

        cdr
    repeat

    2drop

    2swap cons
    macro-table obj@ cons
    macro-table obj!
;

\ }}}

\ ---- Read ---- {{{

variable parse-idx
variable stored-parse-idx
create parse-str 161 allot
variable parse-str-span

create parse-idx-stack 10 allot 
variable parse-idx-sp
parse-idx-stack parse-idx-sp !

: push-parse-idx
    parse-idx @ parse-idx-sp @ !
    1 parse-idx-sp +!
;

: pop-parse-idx
    parse-idx-sp @ parse-idx-stack <= abort" Parse index stack underflow."

    1 parse-idx-sp -!

    parse-idx-sp @ @ parse-idx ! ;


: append-newline
    '\n' parse-str parse-str-span @ + !
    1 parse-str-span +! ;

: append-eof
    4 parse-str parse-str-span @ + !
    1 parse-str-span +!  ;

: empty-parse-str
    0 parse-str-span !
    0 parse-idx ! ;

: getline
    current-input-port obj@ console-i/o-port obj@ objeq? if
        parse-str 160 expect cr
        span @ parse-str-span !
    else
        parse-str 160 current-input-port obj@ fileport>fid read-line
        drop swap parse-str-span !

        parse-str-span @ 0= and if append-eof then
    then
    append-newline
    0 parse-idx ! ;

: inc-parse-idx
    1 parse-idx +! ;

: dec-parse-idx
    1 parse-idx -! ;

: charavailable? ( -- bool )
    parse-str-span @ parse-idx @ > ;

: nextchar ( -- char )
    charavailable? false = if getline then
    parse-str parse-idx @ + @ ;

: '\t' 9 ;
: whitespace? ( -- bool )
    nextchar BL = 
    nextchar '\n' =
    nextchar '\t' =
    or or ;

: EOF 4 ; 
: eof? ( -- bool )
    nextchar EOF = ;

: delim? ( -- bool )
    whitespace?
    nextchar [char] ( = or
    nextchar [char] ) = or
;

: commentstart? ( -- bool )
    nextchar [char] ; = ;

: eatspaces

    false \ Indicates whether or not we're eating a comment

    begin
        dup whitespace? or commentstart? or
    while
        dup nextchar '\n' = and if
            invert \ Stop eating comment
        else
            dup false = commentstart? and if   
                invert \ Begin eating comment
            then
        then

        inc-parse-idx
    repeat
    drop
;

: digit? ( -- bool )
    nextchar [char] 0 >=
    nextchar [char] 9 <=
    and ;

: minus? ( -- bool )
    nextchar [char] - = ;

: plus? ( -- bool )
    nextchar [char] + = ;

: fixnum? ( -- bool )
    minus? plus? or if
        inc-parse-idx

        delim? if
            dec-parse-idx
            false exit
        else
            dec-parse-idx
        then
    else
        digit? false = if
            false exit
        then
    then

    push-parse-idx
    inc-parse-idx

    begin digit? while
        inc-parse-idx
    repeat

    delim? pop-parse-idx
;

: realnum? ( -- bool )
    push-parse-idx

    minus? plus? or if
        inc-parse-idx
    then

    \ Record starting parse idx:
    \ Want to detect whether any characters (following +/-) were eaten.
    parse-idx @

    begin digit? while
            inc-parse-idx
    repeat

    [char] . nextchar = if
        inc-parse-idx
        begin digit? while
                inc-parse-idx
        repeat
    then

    [char] e nextchar = [char] E nextchar = or if
        inc-parse-idx

        minus? plus? or if
            inc-parse-idx
        then

        digit? invert if
            drop pop-parse-idx false exit
        then

        begin digit? while
                inc-parse-idx
        repeat
    then

    \ This is a real number if characters were
    \ eaten and the next characer is a delimiter.
    parse-idx @ < delim? and

    pop-parse-idx
;

: boolean? ( -- bool )
    nextchar [char] # <> if false exit then

    push-parse-idx
    inc-parse-idx

    nextchar [char] t <>
    nextchar [char] f <>
    and if pop-parse-idx false exit then

    inc-parse-idx
    delim? if
        pop-parse-idx
        true
    else
        pop-parse-idx
        false
    then
;

: str-equiv? ( str -- bool )

    push-parse-idx

    true -rot

    swap dup rot + swap

    do
        i @ nextchar <> if
            drop false
            leave
        then

        inc-parse-idx
    loop

    delim? false = if drop false then

    pop-parse-idx
;

: character? ( -- bool )
    nextchar [char] # <> if false exit then

    push-parse-idx
    inc-parse-idx

    nextchar [char] \ <> if pop-parse-idx false exit then

    inc-parse-idx

    S" newline" str-equiv? if pop-parse-idx true exit then
    S" space" str-equiv? if pop-parse-idx true exit then
    S" tab" str-equiv? if pop-parse-idx true exit then

    charavailable? false = if pop-parse-idx false exit then

    pop-parse-idx true
;

: pair? ( -- bool )
    nextchar [char] ( = ;

: string? ( -- bool )
    nextchar [char] " = ;

: readfixnum ( -- num-atom )
    plus? minus? or if
        minus?
        inc-parse-idx
    else
        false
    then

    0

    begin digit? while
        10 * nextchar [char] 0 - +
        inc-parse-idx
    repeat

    swap if negate then

    fixnum-type
;

: readrealnum ( -- realnum )

    \ Remember that at this point we're guaranteed to
    \ have a parsable real on this line.

    parse-str parse-idx @ +

    begin delim? false = while
            inc-parse-idx
    repeat

    parse-str parse-idx @ + over -

    float-parse

    realnum-type
;

: readbool ( -- bool-obj )
    inc-parse-idx
    
    nextchar [char] f = if
        false
    else
        true
    then

    inc-parse-idx

    boolean-type
;

: readchar ( -- char-obj )
    inc-parse-idx
    inc-parse-idx

    S" newline" str-equiv? if 7 parse-idx +! '\n' character-type exit then
    S" space" str-equiv? if 5 parse-idx +! bl character-type exit then
    S" tab" str-equiv? if 3 parse-idx +! 9 character-type exit then

    nextchar character-type

    inc-parse-idx
;

: readstring ( -- charlist )
    nextchar [char] " = if
        inc-parse-idx

        delim? false = if
            bold fg red
            ." No delimiter following right double quote. Aborting." cr
            reset-term abort
        then

        dec-parse-idx

        0 nil-type exit
    then

    nextchar [char] \ = if
        inc-parse-idx
        nextchar case
            [char] n of '\n' endof
            [char] " of [char] " endof
            [char] \
        endcase
    else
        nextchar
    then
    inc-parse-idx character-type

    recurse

    cons
;

: readsymbol ( -- charlist )
    delim? if nil exit then

    nextchar inc-parse-idx character-type

    recurse

    cons
;

: readpair ( -- pairobj )
    eatspaces

    \ Empty lists
    nextchar [char] ) = if
        inc-parse-idx

        delim? false = if
            bold fg red
            ." No delimiter following right paren. Aborting." cr
            reset-term abort
        then

        dec-parse-idx

        0 nil-type exit
    then

    \ Read first pair element
    read

    \ Pairs
    eatspaces
    nextchar [char] . = if
        inc-parse-idx

        delim? false = if
            bold fg red
            ." No delimiter following '.'. Aborting." cr
            reset-term abort
        then

        eatspaces read
    else
        recurse
    then

    eatspaces

    cons
;

\ Parse a scheme expression
:noname ( -- obj )

    eatspaces

    fixnum? if
        readfixnum
        exit
    then

    realnum? if
        readrealnum
        exit
    then

    boolean? if
        readbool
        exit
    then

    character? if
        readchar
        exit
    then

    string? if
        inc-parse-idx

        readstring
        drop string-type

        nextchar [char] " <> if
            bold red ." Missing closing double-quote." reset-term cr
            abort
        then

        inc-parse-idx

        exit
    then

    pair? if
        inc-parse-idx

        eatspaces

        readpair

        eatspaces

        nextchar [char] ) <> if
            bold red ." Missing closing paren." reset-term cr
            abort
        then

        inc-parse-idx

        exit
    then

    nextchar [char] ' = if
        inc-parse-idx
        quote-symbol recurse nil cons cons exit
    then

    nextchar [char] ` = if
        inc-parse-idx
        quasiquote-symbol recurse nil cons cons exit
    then

    nextchar [char] , = if
        inc-parse-idx
        nextchar [char] @ = if
            inc-parse-idx
            unquote-splicing-symbol recurse nil cons cons exit
        else
            unquote-symbol recurse nil cons cons exit
        then
    then

    eof? if
        EOF character-type
        inc-parse-idx
        exit
    then

    \ Anything else is parsed as a symbol
    readsymbol charlist>symbol

    \ Replace λ with lambda
    2dup λ-symbol objeq? if
        2drop lambda-symbol
    then
    

; is read

\ }}}

\ ---- Eval ---- {{{

: self-evaluating? ( obj -- obj bool )
    boolean-type istype? if true exit then
    fixnum-type istype? if true exit then
    realnum-type istype? if true exit then
    character-type istype? if true exit then
    string-type istype? if true exit then
    nil-type istype? if true exit then
    none-type istype? if true exit then

    false
;

: tagged-list? ( obj tag-obj -- obj bool )
    2over 
    pair-type istype? false = if
        2drop 2drop false
    else
        car objeq?
    then ;

: quote? ( obj -- obj bool )
    quote-symbol tagged-list?  ;

: quote-body ( quote-obj -- quote-body-obj )
    cadr ;

: quasiquote? ( obj -- obj bool )
    quasiquote-symbol tagged-list? ;

: unquote? ( obj -- obj bool )
    unquote-symbol tagged-list? ;

: unquote-splicing? ( obj -- obj bool )
    unquote-splicing-symbol tagged-list? ;

: eval-unquote ( env obj -- res )
    cdr ( env args )

    nil? if
        recoverable-exception throw" no arguments to unquote."
    then

    2dup cdr
    nil? false = if
        recoverable-exception throw" too many arguments to unquote."
    then

    2drop car 2swap eval
;

( Create a new list from elements of l1 consed on to l2 )
: join-lists ( l2 l1 -- l3 )
    nil? if 2drop exit then

    2dup car
    -2rot cdr
    recurse cons
;

defer eval-quasiquote-item
: eval-quasiquote-list ( env obj -- res )
    nil? if
        2swap 2drop exit
    then

    2over 2over ( env obj env obj )

    cdr recurse
    -2rot car ( cdritems env objcar )

    unquote-splicing? if
        eval-unquote ( cdritems caritem )

        2swap nil? if
            2drop
        else
            2swap join-lists
        then
    else
        eval-quasiquote-item ( cdritems caritem )
        2swap cons
    then

;

:noname ( env obj )
    unquote? if
        eval-unquote exit
    then

    pair-type istype? if
        eval-quasiquote-list exit
    then

    2swap 2drop
; is eval-quasiquote-item

: eval-quasiquote ( obj env -- res )
    2swap cdr ( env args )

    nil? if
        recoverable-exception throw" no arguments to quasiquote."
    then

    2dup cdr ( env args args-cdr )
    nil? false = if
        recoverable-exception throw" too many arguments to quasiquote."
    then

    2drop car ( env arg )

    eval-quasiquote-item
;

: variable? ( obj -- obj bool )
    symbol-type istype? ;

: definition? ( obj -- obj bool )
    define-symbol tagged-list? ;

: make-lambda ( params body -- lambda-exp )
    lambda-symbol -2rot cons cons ;

( Handles iterative expansion of defines in
  terms of nested lambdas. Most Schemes only
  handle one iteration of expansion! )
: definition-var-val ( obj -- var val )

    cdr 2dup cdr 2swap car ( val var )

    begin
        symbol-type istype? false =
    while
        2dup cdr 2swap car ( val formals var' )
        -2rot 2swap ( var' formals val )
        make-lambda nil cons ( var' val' )
        2swap ( val' var' )
    repeat

    2swap car
;

: eval-definition ( obj env -- res )
    2dup 2rot ( env env obj )
    definition-var-val ( env env var val )
    2rot eval  ( env var val )

    2rot ( var val env )
    define-var

    ok-symbol
;

: assignment? ( obj -- obj bool )
    set!-symbol tagged-list? ;

: assignment-var ( obj -- var )
    cdr car ;
    
: assignment-val ( obj -- val )
    cdr cdr car ;

: eval-assignment ( obj env -- res )
    2swap 
    2over 2over ( env obj env obj )
    assignment-val 2swap ( env obj valexp env )
    eval  ( env obj val )
    
    2swap assignment-var 2swap ( env var val )

    2rot ( var val env )
    set-var

    ok-symbol
;

: macro-definition? ( obj -- obj bool )
    define-macro-symbol tagged-list? ;

: macro-definition-name ( exp -- mname )
    cdr car car ;

: macro-definition-params ( exp -- params )
    cdr car cdr ;

: macro-definition-body ( exp -- body )
    cdr cdr ;

objvar env
: eval-define-macro ( obj env -- res )
    env obj!

    2dup macro-definition-name 2swap ( name obj )
    2dup macro-definition-params 2swap ( name params obj )
    macro-definition-body ( name params body )

    env obj@ ( name params body env )

    make-macro

    ok-symbol
;
hide env

: if? ( obj -- obj bool )
    if-symbol tagged-list? ;

: if-predicate ( ifobj -- pred )
    cdr car ;

: if-consequent ( ifobj -- conseq )
    cdr cdr car ;

: if-alternative ( ifobj -- alt|false )
    cdr cdr cdr
    nil? if
        2drop false
    else
        car
    then ;

: false? ( boolobj -- boolean )
    boolean-type istype? if
        false boolean-type objeq?
    else
        2drop false
    then
;

: true? ( boolobj -- bool )
    false? invert ;

: lambda? ( obj -- obj bool )
    lambda-symbol tagged-list? ;

: lambda-parameters ( obj -- params )
    cdr car ;

: lambda-body ( obj -- body )
    cdr cdr ;

: begin? ( obj -- obj bool )
    begin-symbol tagged-list? ;

: begin-actions ( obj -- actions )
    cdr ;

: eval-sequence ( explist env -- finalexp env )
    ( Evaluates all bar the final expressions in
      an an expression list. The final expression
      is returned to allow for tail optimization. )

    2swap ( env explist )

    \ Abort on empty list
    nil? if
        2drop none
        2swap exit
    then

    begin
        2dup cdr ( env explist nextexplist )
        nil? false =
    while
        -2rot car 2over ( nextexplist env exp env )
        eval
        2drop \ discard result
        2swap ( env nextexplist )
    repeat

    2drop car 2swap ( finalexp env )
;

: application? ( obj -- obj bool )
    pair-type istype? ;

: operator ( obj -- operator )
    car ;

: operands ( obj -- operands )
    cdr ;

: nooperands? ( operands -- bool )
    nil objeq? ;

: first-operand ( operands -- operand )
    car ;

: rest-operands ( operands -- other-operands )
    cdr ;

: list-of-vals ( args env -- vals )
    2swap

    2dup nooperands? if
        2swap 2drop
    else
        2over 2over first-operand 2swap eval
        -2rot rest-operands 2swap recurse
        cons
    then
;

: procedure-params ( proc -- params )
    drop pair-type car ;

: procedure-body ( proc -- body )
    drop pair-type cdr car ;

: procedure-env ( proc -- body )
    drop pair-type cdr cdr car ;

( Ensure terminating symbol arg name is handled
  specially to allow for variadic procedures. )
: flatten-proc-args ( argvals argnames -- argvals' argnames' )
    nil? if
        2over nil? false = if
            recoverable-exception throw" Too many arguments for compound procedure."
        else
            2drop
        then
        exit
    then

    symbol-type istype? if
        nil cons
        2swap
        nil cons
        2swap
        exit
    then

    2over
    nil? if
        recoverable-exception throw" Too few arguments for compound procedure."
    else
        cdr
    then

    2over cdr

    recurse ( argvals argnames argvals'' argnames'' )
    2rot car 2swap cons  ( argvals argvals'' argnames' )
    2rot car 2rot cons ( argnames' argvals' )
    2swap
;

: apply ( proc argvals -- result )
        2swap dup case
            primitive-proc-type of
                drop execute     
            endof

            compound-proc-type of
                2dup procedure-body ( argvals proc body )
                -2rot 2dup procedure-params ( body argvals proc argnames )
                -2rot procedure-env ( body argnames argvals procenv )

                -2rot 2swap
                flatten-proc-args
                2swap 2rot

                extend-env ( body env )

                eval-sequence

                R> drop ['] eval goto-deferred  \ Tail call optimization
            endof

            recoverable-exception throw" Object not applicable."
        endcase
;

: macro-expand ( proc expbody -- result )
    2swap
    2dup procedure-body ( expbody proc procbody )
    -2rot 2dup procedure-params ( procbody expbody proc argnames )
    -2rot procedure-env ( procbody argnames expbody procenv )
    
    -2rot 2swap
    flatten-proc-args
    2swap 2rot

    extend-env eval-sequence eval
;

:noname ( obj env -- result )
    2swap

    self-evaluating? if
        2swap 2drop
        exit
    then

    quote? if
        quote-body
        2swap 2drop
        exit
    then

    quasiquote? if
        2swap eval-quasiquote
        exit
    then

    variable? if
        2swap lookup-var
        exit
    then

    definition? if
        2swap eval-definition
        exit
    then

    assignment? if
        2swap eval-assignment
        exit
    then

    macro-definition? if
        2swap eval-define-macro
        exit
    then

    if? if
        2over 2over
        if-predicate
        2swap eval 

        true? if
            if-consequent
        else
            if-alternative
        then

        2swap
        ['] eval goto-deferred
    then

    lambda? if
        2dup lambda-parameters
        2swap lambda-body
        2rot make-procedure
        exit
    then

    begin? if
        begin-actions 2swap
        eval-sequence
        ['] eval goto-deferred
    then

    application? if

        2over 2over ( env exp env exp )
        operator ( env exp env opname )

        2dup lookup-macro nil? false = if
             \ Macro function evaluation

            ( env exp env opname mproc )
            2swap 2drop -2rot 2drop cdr ( env mproc body )

            macro-expand

            2swap
            ['] eval goto-deferred
        else
           \ Regular function application

            2drop ( env exp env opname )

            2swap eval ( env exp proc )

            -2rot ( proc env exp )
            operands 2swap ( proc operands env )
            list-of-vals ( proc argvals )

            apply
            exit
        then
    then

    recoverable-exception throw" Tried to evaluate object with unknown type."
; is eval

\ }}}

\ ---- Print ---- {{{

: printfixnum ( fixnumobj -- ) drop 0 .R ;

: printrealnum ( realnumobj -- ) drop float-print ;

: printbool ( numobj -- )
    drop if
        ." #t"
    else
        ." #f"
    then
;

: printchar ( charobj -- )
    drop
    case
        9 of ." #\tab" endof
        bl of ." #\space" endof
        '\n' of ." #\newline" endof
        
        dup ." #\" emit
    endcase
;

: (printstring) ( stringobj -- )
    nil? if 2drop exit then

    2dup car drop dup
    case
        '\n' of ." \n" drop endof
        [char] \ of ." \\" drop endof
        [char] " of [char] \ emit [char] " emit drop endof
        emit
    endcase

    cdr recurse
;
: printstring ( stringobj -- )
    [char] " emit
    (printstring)
    [char] " emit ;

: printsymbol ( symbolobj -- )
    nil-type istype? if 2drop exit then

    2dup car drop emit
    cdr recurse
;

: printnil ( nilobj -- )
    2drop ." ()" ;

: printpair ( pairobj -- )
    2dup
    car print
    cdr
    nil-type istype? if 2drop exit then
    pair-type istype? if space recurse exit then
    ."  . " print
;

: printprim ( primobj -- )
    2drop ." <primitive procedure>" ;

: printcomp ( primobj -- )
    2drop ." <compound procedure>" ;

: printnone ( noneobj -- )
    2drop ." Unspecified return value" ;

: printport ( port -- )
    2drop ." <port>" ;

:noname ( obj -- )
    fixnum-type istype? if printfixnum exit then
    realnum-type istype? if printrealnum exit then
    boolean-type istype? if printbool exit then
    character-type istype? if printchar exit then
    string-type istype? if printstring exit then
    symbol-type istype? if printsymbol exit then
    nil-type istype? if printnil exit then
    pair-type istype? if ." (" printpair ." )" exit then
    primitive-proc-type istype? if printprim exit then
    compound-proc-type istype? if printcomp exit then
    none-type istype? if printnone exit then

    recoverable-exception throw" Tried to print object with unknown type."
; is print

\ }}}

\ ---- Garbage Collection ---- {{{

variable gc-enabled
false gc-enabled !

variable gc-stack-depth

: enable-gc
    depth gc-stack-depth !
    true gc-enabled ! ;

: disable-gc
    false gc-enabled ! ;

: gc-enabled?
    gc-enabled @ ;

: pairlike? ( obj -- obj bool )
    pair-type istype? if true exit then
    string-type istype? if true exit then
    symbol-type istype? if true exit then
    compound-proc-type istype? if true exit then

    false
;

: pairlike-marked? ( obj -- obj bool )
    over nextfrees + @ 0=
;

: mark-pairlike ( obj -- obj )
        over nextfrees + 0 swap !
;

: gc-unmark ( -- )
    scheme-memsize 0 do
        1 nextfrees i + !
    loop
;

: gc-mark-obj ( obj -- )

    pairlike? invert if 2drop exit then
    pairlike-marked? if 2drop exit then

    mark-pairlike

    drop pair-type 2dup

    car recurse
    cdr recurse
;

: gc-sweep
    scheme-memsize nextfree !
    0 scheme-memsize 1- do
        nextfrees i + @ 0<> if
            nextfree @ nextfrees i + !
            i nextfree !
        then
    -1 +loop
;

\ Following a GC, this gives the amount of free memory
: gc-count-marked
    0
    scheme-memsize 0 do
        nextfrees i + @ 0= if 1+ then
    loop
;

\ Debugging word - helps spot memory that is retained
: gc-zero-unmarked
    scheme-memsize 0 do
        nextfrees i + @ 0<> if
            0 car-cells i + !
            0 cdr-cells i + !
        then
    loop
;

:noname
    \ ." GC! "

    gc-unmark

    symbol-table obj@ gc-mark-obj
    macro-table obj@ gc-mark-obj
    global-env obj@ gc-mark-obj

    depth gc-stack-depth @ do
        PSP0 i + 1 + @
        PSP0 i + 2 + @

        gc-mark-obj
    2 +loop

    gc-sweep

    \ ." (" gc-count-marked . ." pairs marked as used.)" cr
; is collect-garbage

\ }}}

\ ---- Loading files ---- {{{

: charlist>cstr ( charlist addr -- n )

    dup 2swap ( origaddr addr charlist )

    begin 
        nil? false =
    while
        2dup cdr 2swap car 
        drop ( origaddr addr charlist char )
        -rot 2swap ( origaddr charlist addr char )
        over !
        1+ -rot ( origaddr nextaddr charlist )
    repeat

    2drop ( origaddr finaladdr ) 
    swap -
;

: load ( addr n -- finalResult )
    open-input-file

    empty-parse-str

    ok-symbol ( port res )

    begin
        2over read-port ( port res obj )

        2dup EOF character-type objeq? if
            2drop 2swap close-port
            exit
        then

        2swap 2drop ( port obj )

        global-env obj@ eval ( port res )
    again
;

\ }}}

\ ---- Standard Library ---- {{{

    include scheme-primitives.4th

    s" scheme-library.scm" load 2drop
    
\ }}}

\ ---- REPL ----

( REPL calls REPL-BODY in a loop until repl-body returns true. )
: repl-body ( -- bool )
    cr bold fg green ." > " reset-term

    read-console

    2dup EOF character-type objeq? if
        2drop
        bold fg blue ." Moriturus te saluto." reset-term cr
        true exit
    then

    global-env obj@ eval

    fg cyan ." ; " print reset-term

    false
;

: repl
    cr ." Welcome to scheme.forth.jl!" cr
       ." Use Ctrl-D to exit." cr

    empty-parse-str

    enable-gc

    begin
        ['] repl-body catch
        case
            recoverable-exception of false endof
            unrecoverable-exception of true endof

            throw false
        endcase
    until
;

forth definitions

\ vim:fdm=marker